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Components of Computer

 Components of Computer

1.     Input Unit

2.     Output Unit

3.     Memory Unit

4.     Control Unit

5.     Arithmetical and Logical Unit

v Input Unit

A computer will only respond when a command is given to the device. These commands can be given using the input unit or the input devices. 

For example: Using a keyboard we can type things on a Notepad and the computer processes the entered data and then displays the output of the same of the screen.

v Output Unit

When we command a computer to perform a task, it reverts for the action performed and gives us a result. This result is called output. There are various output devices connected to the computer. The most basic of which is a monitor. Whatever we write using a keyboard or click using a mouse, is all displayed on the monitor.

Thus, the output unit gives us the final result once the entire processing is done within the mechanism of a device.

v Memory Unit

When we enter the data into the computer using an input device, the entered information immediately gets saved in the memory unit of the Central Processing Unit (CPU). Because of the presence of some existing programming, the Memory Unit transmits the data further to the other parts of the CPU.

v Control Unit

This is the core unit which manages the entire functioning of the computer device. It is one of the most essential components of the computer system. 

The Control Unit collects the data entered using the input unit, leads it on for processing and once that is done, receives the output and presents it to the user. It can be said to the centre of all processing actions taking place inside a computer device. 

v Arithmetic & Logical Unit

As the name suggests, all the mathematical calculations or arithmetic operations are performed in the Arithmetic and Logical Unit of the CPU. 

It can also perform actions like a comparison of data and decision-making actions. The ALU comprises circuits using which addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and other numerical based calculations can be performed.

v Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The Central Processing Unit is the core of any computer devices. It comprises three major components of the computer which have been discussed above:

  • Memory Unit
  • Control Unit
  • Arithmetic and Logical Unit
All these three units are elements of CPU and together help in the efficient working and processing of data. It is also known as the “Brain of Computer” and no action can be conducted by a device without the execution and permission of the Central Processing Unit.

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